本文主要是關于k型補償導線的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)相關介紹，闡述(shu)了(le)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)偶(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)補(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)償(chang)(chang)(chang)導(dao)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作業(ye)(ye)原理及(ji)其接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)辦(ban)(ban)法，并根究了(le)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)偶(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)補(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)償(chang)(chang)(chang)導(dao)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)注意(yi)事(shi)(shi)項。熱(re)(re)(re)(re)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)偶(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)補(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)償(chang)(chang)(chang)導(dao)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)在必(bi)定溫度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)規劃內(包括常溫)具有(you)與(yu)所(suo)匹配(pei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)偶(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)勢(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)標稱值相同的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)對帶有(you)絕緣(yuan)層的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)導(dao)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，用(yong)他們聯接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)偶(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)與(yu)丈(zhang)量(liang)(liang)設(she)(she)(she)備，以補(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)償(chang)(chang)(chang)他們與(yu)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)偶(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)聯接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)處(chu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溫度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)改動(dong)(dong)所(suo)發生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)誤差。熱(re)(re)(re)(re)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)偶(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)補(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)償(chang)(chang)(chang)導(dao)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)是(shi)(shi)怎(zen)么接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)這就(jiu)要(yao)(yao)看(kan)你是(shi)(shi)運(yun)(yun)用(yong)什(shen)么樣的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)補(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)償(chang)(chang)(chang)辦(ban)(ban)法了(le)，假(jia)(jia)設(she)(she)(she)是(shi)(shi)表面(mian)內部有(you)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)橋補(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)償(chang)(chang)(chang)，只需做一(yi)(yi)個(ge)設(she)(she)(she)置就(jiu)可(ke)(ke)以了(le)；假(jia)(jia)設(she)(she)(she)是(shi)(shi)冷端補(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)償(chang)(chang)(chang)，那就(jiu)要(yao)(yao)找到(dao)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)冰(bing)水混合(he)(he)物(0度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du))的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)冷端，將(jiang)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)偶(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)另一(yi)(yi)頭(tou)(非測溫頭(tou))放(fang)在冰(bing)水混合(he)(he)物里(li)，再經(jing)過(guo)補(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)償(chang)(chang)(chang)導(dao)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)入(ru)表面(mian)。補(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)償(chang)(chang)(chang)導(dao)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)和(he)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)端電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜不(bu)(bu)是(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)回事(shi)(shi)情。補(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)償(chang)(chang)(chang)導(dao)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)分為(wei)(wei)(wei)延長性與(yu)補(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)償(chang)(chang)(chang)型。補(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)償(chang)(chang)(chang)導(dao)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)是(shi)(shi)用(yong)來聯接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)偶(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)與(yu)閃現記(ji)載(zai)表面(mian)，具有(you)延伸(shen)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極即移動(dong)(dong)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)偶(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)冷端，以抵達(da)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)偶(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)勢(shi)延伸(shen)到(dao)閃現記(ji)載(zai)表面(mian)上。熱(re)(re)(re)(re)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)偶(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)補(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)償(chang)(chang)(chang)導(dao)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)注意(yi)事(shi)(shi)項1.補(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)償(chang)(chang)(chang)導(dao)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)選(xuan)擇補(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)償(chang)(chang)(chang)導(dao)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)必(bi)定要(yao)(yao)依據所(suo)運(yun)(yun)用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)偶(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)品種和(he)所(suo)運(yun)(yun)用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)場(chang)合(he)(he)進行正確選(xuan)擇。例(li)如，k型偶(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)應該(gai)選(xuan)擇k型偶(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)補(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)償(chang)(chang)(chang)導(dao)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，依據運(yun)(yun)用(yong)場(chang)合(he)(he)，選(xuan)擇作業(ye)(ye)溫度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)規劃。一(yi)(yi)般(ban)kx作業(ye)(ye)溫度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)為(wei)(wei)(wei)-20～100℃，寬規劃的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)為(wei)(wei)(wei)-25～200℃。一(yi)(yi)般(ban)級(ji)(ji)過(guo)失(shi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)±2.5℃，精密級(ji)(ji)為(wei)(wei)(wei)±1.5℃。2.接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)點(dian)(dian)聯接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)與(yu)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)偶(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)端2個(ge)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)點(dian)(dian)盡可(ke)(ke)能近(jin)一(yi)(yi)點(dian)(dian)，盡量(liang)(liang)堅(jian)持(chi)2個(ge)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)點(dian)(dian)溫度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)一(yi)(yi)起(qi)。與(yu)表面(mian)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)端聯接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)處(chu)盡可(ke)(ke)能溫度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)一(yi)(yi)起(qi)，表面(mian)柜有(you)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)扇的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)當地，接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)點(dian)(dian)處(chu)要(yao)(yao)保護不(bu)(bu)要(yao)(yao)使(shi)得電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)扇直吹到(dao)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)點(dian)(dian)。.運(yun)(yun)用(yong)長度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)因為(wei)(wei)(wei)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)偶(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)信(xin)號(hao)很低，為(wei)(wei)(wei)微伏級(ji)(ji)，假(jia)(jia)設(she)(she)(she)運(yun)(yun)用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)距離(li)過(guo)長，信(xin)號(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)衰減和(he)環境中強電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)攪擾偶(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)合(he)(he)，足(zu)可(ke)(ke)以使(shi)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)偶(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)信(xin)號(hao)失(shi)真，形成丈(zhang)量(liang)(liang)和(he)控制(zhi)溫度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)不(bu)(bu)準確，在控制(zhi)中嚴峻時會發生(sheng)溫度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)波動(dong)(dong)。依據咱們的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)經(jing)歷，一(yi)(yi)般(ban)運(yun)(yun)用(yong)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)偶(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)補(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)償(chang)(chang)(chang)導(dao)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)長度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)控制(zhi)在15米內比較好，假(jia)(jia)設(she)(she)(she)逾(yu)越(yue)15米，主張運(yun)(yun)用(yong)溫度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)變送器(qi)進行傳送信(xin)號(hao)。溫度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)變送器(qi)是(shi)(shi)將(jiang)溫度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)對應的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)勢(shi)值轉換成直流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流傳送，抗攪擾強。
為了提高k型補償導線的(de)抗攪(jiao)擾(rao)性，可(ke)以選用屏蔽補償導線。關于現場攪(jiao)擾(rao)源較多的(de)場合(he)，效果較好。可(ke)是一定要將屏蔽層(ceng)嚴格接(jie)地，不然(ran)屏蔽層(ceng)不僅(jin)沒(mei)有起到屏蔽的(de)效果，反而增(zeng)強攪(jiao)擾(rao)。
1.布線
補償導(dao)線布線一定(ding)要遠離動力(li)線和攪擾(rao)源。在避(bi)免不了穿越的地(di)方，也盡可能(neng)選用(yong)穿插(cha)方式，不要平行(xing)。
2.屏蔽補償導線(xian)
熱(re)電偶(ou)補(bu)償(chang)導線作業原理
由測溫(wen)(wen)原理可知，熱(re)(re)(re)電(dian)(dian)(dian)偶產(chan)生的熱(re)(re)(re)電(dian)(dian)(dian)勢與(yu)熱(re)(re)(re)端(duan)(又稱丈(zhang)量(liang)端(duan))、參(can)比(bi)(bi)端(duan)(又稱冷端(duan))的熱(re)(re)(re)電(dian)(dian)(dian)勢有(you)關，只有(you)參(can)比(bi)(bi)端(duan)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)t1為零或穩定不變，熱(re)(re)(re)電(dian)(dian)(dian)勢才是熱(re)(re)(re)端(duan)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)的單值函數(見(jian)圖1)。假如不補償(chang)的話，則熱(re)(re)(re)電(dian)(dian)(dian)偶的參(can)比(bi)(bi)端(duan)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)與(yu)儀表接線端(duan)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)t2間的溫(wen)(wen)差(cha)t1-t2越大，丈(zhang)量(liang)差(cha)錯也(ye)越大。因(yin)為大多數熱(re)(re)(re)電(dian)(dian)(dian)偶的熱(re)(re)(re)電(dian)(dian)(dian)勢與(yu)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)的關系近似線性，所以形成的丈(zhang)量(liang)差(cha)錯大致等于上述溫(wen)(wen)差(cha)。以K分度(du)(du)(du)號的鎳鉻-鎳硅(gui)熱(re)(re)(re)電(dian)(dian)(dian)偶為例，當t1=50℃，t2=20℃時，如熱(re)(re)(re)端(duan)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)為1000℃，則顯(xian)示溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)僅(jin)969℃，差(cha)錯達31℃。
實際(ji)應(ying)用(yong)時，因為熱電(dian)(dian)(dian)偶參(can)比端(duan)的接線(xian)(xian)(xian)盒通常暴露在大氣中，溫度(du)改變較大，如(ru)(ru)不(bu)(bu)采納措施，接線(xian)(xian)(xian)盒內溫度(du)既不(bu)(bu)可(ke)(ke)能為零，也不(bu)(bu)可(ke)(ke)能保持某(mou)個溫度(du)穩定不(bu)(bu)變，由此(ci)(ci)引起丈量差(cha)錯。因為與熱電(dian)(dian)(dian)偶相連的二次儀(yi)表(biao)(如(ru)(ru)顯示器、記錄儀(yi))、I/O插卡等(deng)均(jun)帶(dai)環(huan)境溫度(du)補(bu)(bu)償(chang)，可(ke)(ke)對(dui)這些設備(bei)與熱電(dian)(dian)(dian)偶的接線(xian)(xian)(xian)點(dian)(即儀(yi)表(biao)接線(xian)(xian)(xian)端(duan))溫度(du)t2進行補(bu)(bu)償(chang)。由此(ci)(ci)可(ke)(ke)見，關鍵是怎么對(dui)熱電(dian)(dian)(dian)偶的參(can)比端(duan)溫度(du)t1進行補(bu)(bu)償(chang)。目前(qian)有多種參(can)比端(duan)補(bu)(bu)償(chang)辦法(fa)，如(ru)(ru)恒溫法(fa)、補(bu)(bu)償(chang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)橋法(fa)、補(bu)(bu)償(chang)熱電(dian)(dian)(dian)偶法(fa)、補(bu)(bu)償(chang)導(dao)線(xian)(xian)(xian)法(fa)等(deng)，但常用(yong)的就是補(bu)(bu)償(chang)導(dao)線(xian)(xian)(xian)法(fa)。
在一定溫度范圍內(nei)，熱(re)電功(gong)能與(yu)熱(re)電偶(ou)熱(re)電功(gong)能很附近的導線稱為熱(re)電偶(ou)的補償導線。 ;
按熱(re)(re)電(dian)偶中心溫度定則，熱(re)(re)電(dian)偶測(ce)溫回(hui)路的(de)(de)總電(dian)勢值只與熱(re)(re)端(duan)和參(can)比(bi)端(duan)的(de)(de)溫度有關(guan)，而不(bu)受中心溫度改變的(de)(de)影響，所以可用(yong)與熱(re)(re)電(dian)偶資料相匹配的(de)(de)補(bu)償導線(xian)來(lai)代替需要延伸(shen)的(de)(de)寶貴(gui)熱(re)(re)電(dian)偶資料，將(jiang)參(can)比(bi)端(duan)由熱(re)(re)電(dian)偶接線(xian)盒延伸(shen)到儀表接線(xian)端(duan)，由補(bu)償導線(xian)對原參(can)比(bi)端(duan)溫度進行補(bu)償。
k型補償導線除了可削減丈(zhang)量(liang)差(cha)錯(cuo)外(wai)(wai)，還有以(yi)下長處：可改進熱電偶測(ce)溫線(xian)路的(de)物理功能和機械功能，如選(xuan)用多股線(xian)芯或小直徑補償導(dao)線(xian)可提高線(xian)路的(de)柔(rou)韌性(xing)，使銜(xian)接便利(li)，也易(yi)于(yu)屏蔽外(wai)(wai)界(jie)攪擾(rao)；可下降丈(zhang)量(liang)線(xian)路成本。
