跟大家簡單分析下電纜與電線的區別及電纜特性
電(dian)線一般(ban)用于承載電(dian)流的導電(dian)金(jin)屬線材。有實心(xin)的、絞合的或箔片(pian)編織的等各種形式。按絕緣狀況分為裸電(dian)線和絕緣電(dian)線兩(liang)大類。
電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜是由一根(gen)或多根(gen)相互絕緣(yuan)的(de)(de)導(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)心置于密封護(hu)套中構(gou)成(cheng)的(de)(de)絕緣(yuan)導(dao)線(xian)(xian)(xian)。其外(wai)可(ke)加保護(hu)覆蓋層，用于傳輸、分(fen)配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)或傳送(song)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)信號。它與(yu)普(pu)通電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)差(cha)別主要是電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜尺寸較大，結構(gou)較復雜等。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)與(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜的(de)(de)區別在于電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)尺寸一般較小，結構(gou)較為簡(jian)單，但(dan)有時也(ye)將電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜歸入廣義的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)之列(lie)。
電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)， 是(shi)將多個(ge)單股電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線進(jin)行(xing)絕緣,并(bing)捆扎于一起,形成(cheng)的(de)(de)整體，然(ran)后進(jin)行(xing)鎧裝,例如加(jia)鋼索(suo)等,然(ran)后外包(bao)保護(hu)層(ceng)做成(cheng)的(de)(de)一個(ge)多導(dao)(dao)體纜(lan)(lan)線，稱之(zhi)為(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan) 。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)一般指的(de)(de)是(shi)室外架空電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)或(huo)(huo)室外架空裸線電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)一般指的(de)(de)是(shi)是(shi)橡套電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)或(huo)(huo)臨時用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)。 電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線是(shi)由一根或(huo)(huo)幾(ji)根柔軟(ruan)的(de)(de)導(dao)(dao)線組成(cheng)，外面(mian)包(bao)以輕軟(ruan)的(de)(de)護(hu)層(ceng)；電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)是(shi)由一根或(huo)(huo)幾(ji)根絕緣包(bao)導(dao)(dao)線組成(cheng)，外面(mian)再包(bao)以金(jin)屬或(huo)(huo)橡皮制的(de)(de)堅韌外層(ceng)。
電(dian)纜與(yu)電(dian)線一般都由芯(xin)線、絕(jue)緣包皮和(he)保護(hu)外皮三(san)個組成部分組成。
常用電纜的特性(xing)如(ru)下：
CEF——乙丙橡膠絕緣氯(lv)丁(ding)橡膠護套，船用阻燃電力電纜(lan)。
CVV——聚氯(lv)乙烯絕緣，聚氯(lv)乙烯護套船用(yong)阻燃(ran)電力電纜。
氧艙電(dian)線常采(cai)用BV，BX，RV，RVV系列(lie)電(dian)線，其中：
BV——銅芯(xin)聚氯(lv)乙烯絕緣電(dian)線，長期允許溫(wen)度65℃，低溫(wen)度-15℃，工作電(dian)壓交流(liu)500V，直(zhi)流(liu)1000V，固定敷設于室(shi)內、外，可明敷也可暗(an)敷。
BX——銅芯(xin)橡皮絕緣線，高使用溫度65℃，敷于(yu)室(shi)內。
RV——聚氯乙烯絕緣單(dan)芯軟線，高(gao)使(shi)用溫(wen)度(du)65℃，低(di)使(shi)用溫(wen)度(du)-15℃，工作電壓交流250V，直流500V，用作儀器和設備(bei)的內部接線。
RVV——銅芯聚(ju)氯乙烯絕緣(yuan)和(he)護(hu)套軟電線，允許長期工作溫度(du)105℃，工作電壓交流500V，直流1000V，用于潮(chao)濕，機械防(fang)護(hu)要求(qiu)高，經(jing)常移動(dong)和(he)彎曲的場(chang)合。
